Louis PASTEUR 1822 – 1895

He is a French scholar of chemistry and biology. He proved that microorganisms were responsible for fermentation and infectious diseases, refuted the theory of "spontaneous reproduction". He invented the pasteurization method and the rabies vaccine. He was born in a small town in France. He studied chemistry and received his doctorate in chemistry in 1847. He became a professor in 1852. In 1854, he assumed the position of professor and dean of the newly established Faculty of Science in the city of Lille. In 1861, he proved that fermentation in organic solutions is not a chemical phenomenon as it is thought but is related to the reproduction of living organisms. Proving that these living organisms are not the result of fermentation, but living things in the air, he found the method of removal in unwanted creatures by the pasteurization (boiling and rapid cooling) method named after him.

He began researching the disease of bovine anthrax. He obtained a pure culture of the bacteria that caused this disease, proved that they caused bovine anthrax disease in animals, and thus found the principles of the "Microbe Theory”. In 1880, he worked on chicken cholera. He isolated the disease-causing microbe and found that over time, the microbe became obsolete, and its effect was reduced. He observed that animals inoculated with stale culture became mildly ill, but when they were given the germ again, they became immune. It paved the way for protection from diseases with vaccines. He prepared the anthrax vaccine by processing the anthrax bacillus at 42 degrees. He made a very important discovery in the history of medicine by ensuring that animals were vaccinated to protect them from disease. He began to investigate the germ of rabies, and in 1885 he inoculated a weakened solution of the rabies agent 14 times to a child bitten by a rabid dog, which was allowing him to recover. This event went down in history as a very important victory of the medical world.