Experts warn that pets can suffer from heatstroke even when the weather is not always hot, noting that the early signs of heatstroke in dogs and cats are similar.
“For dogs and cats experiencing heatstroke, as an emergency first aid measure we recommend: ‘cool first, then transport’,” said Veterinarian Burcu Çevreli, Assistant Professor at the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Üsküdar University, emphasizing that some animals are more vulnerable to hot weather than others. She also evaluated the risks awaiting animal health during periods of high temperatures and wildfires.
Asst. Prof. Burcu Çevreli from Üsküdar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, evaluated the dangers awaiting animal health during periods of high temperatures and wildfires.
‘Cool first, then transport’
Issuing a critical reminder to pet owners, Dr. Çevreli said: “For an animal to suffer from heatstroke, the weather does not always need to be ‘hot.’ Exercising excessively in warm weather or staying in poorly ventilated hot or humid environments can cause animals to overheat quickly. If you are concerned that your pet is overheating, you must act immediately. As an emergency first aid measure for dogs and cats suffering from heatstroke, we recommend: ‘cool first, then transport.’ Owners should consult a veterinarian as soon as possible.”
Overweight pets are more affected by heat!
Highlighting that certain pets are more affected by hot weather, Dr. Çevreli said: “Overweight animals, brachycephalic breeds like Pugs and French Bulldogs, or breeds with narrow airways like Persian cats, thick-coated pets, elderly or very young animals, and especially those with pre-existing conditions such as respiratory, lung, or heart problems are at higher risk.”
Early signs of heatstroke in pets
Pointing out the early signs of heatstroke in pets, Dr. Çevreli noted: “Early signs of heatstroke in dogs and cats are similar (though in cats the symptoms are often more subtle) and may include: rapid breathing, which may progress to distressed or noisy breathing as heatstroke worsens; restlessness or involuntary movements; pacing or searching for shade and water; body temperature above 40°C; drooling; red tongue or gums; increased heart rate; vomiting or diarrhea. In advanced stages, symptoms may include lethargy, confusion, weakness or fainting, and seizures.” Dr. Çevreli stressed that early symptoms can easily be overlooked: “Dogs may continue playing despite distress, while cats may quietly withdraw and hide.”
Do not use ice-cold water!
Sharing vital first aid steps for owners who suspect heatstroke in their pets, Dr. Çevreli continued: “Take your pet to a cool place, preferably well-ventilated, or use a fan. Offer small amounts of water (do not force them to drink). Immersion in cool water is an effective approach for young and healthy dogs. For the evaporation method, pour water (at any temperature cooler than the dog’s body) over them, and combine with airflow from a fan or air conditioner for older dogs or those with underlying health problems. If the evaporation method is not possible, pour cool water over them or hose them down. It is important not to use ice-cold water, as this can reduce blood flow to the skin, decrease their cooling ability, or even cause shivering, which increases heat production. Even if your pet appears well, unless otherwise directed, it is crucial to have them checked, since more serious signs of heatstroke may not appear immediately. Wrap your pet in a cool, wet towel and continue replacing it with another cool, wet towel. Do not leave the towel on them for too long, as it may warm up. For larger pets, gently hose or wash them with cool water, then apply cool towels to the head and abdomen.”
Do not leave your pets in cars, not even for a minute
Offering tips on how to create a safe and cool environment for pets, Asst. Prof. Dr. Burcu Çevreli said: “Close the curtains to prevent heat buildup in sun-exposed windows. Encourage airflow by using fans or keeping interior doors open. Provide wet food. It adds hydration to their diet. Place multiple water bowls, especially in their favorite spots. Brush them frequently because this helps long-haired cats stay cooler. Never leave your pets in cars, not even for a minute. Avoid enclosed verandas or conservatories, as they heat up quickly. Use cooling products, such as pet-safe mats or fans. Limit exercise on hot days (dogs should be walked early in the morning or late in the evening to avoid the hottest times of day). Always carry a water bottle during walks. And remember: hot pavements can burn paws! Use paw protection, like boots or paw wax.”
Shaving makes them even hotter
Addressing whether shaving helps pets cool down, Dr. Çevreli explained: “If you shave your pet, you interfere with its natural body temperature regulation system, which can cause discomfort and overheating. A pet’s coat not only regulates body temperature but also prevents sunburn and helps protect against skin cancer.” Pointing out that the risks posed by hot weather are even greater for stray animals, Dr. Çevreli said: “Always test with your hand if the ground feels too hot for your palm, it is too hot for their paws as well. Provide wet food, and it helps hydration. A single bowl of water can truly save lives. Place multiple water bowls and refill them daily with fresh, cool water.”
Wildfires also affect pets
Noting that wildfires threaten not only wildlife but also pets and stray animals, Dr. Çevreli said: “If you can see or feel the effects of smoke yourself, you must take precautions to keep both your pets and wildlife safe. Animals with cardiovascular or respiratory conditions are especially at risk from smoke and should be closely monitored during any period of poor air quality. Watch for possible signs of smoke or dust irritation in animals. After a fire, any of the following symptoms require immediate veterinary attention: coughing or gagging, open-mouth breathing and increased respiratory noise, difficulty breathing, eye irritation and excessive tearing, throat or mouth inflammation, nasal discharge, increased respiratory rate, fatigue or weakness, disorientation or staggering, loss of appetite and/or thirst.”
What should be done in first aid?
Speaking about first aid during fires, Dr. Çevreli said: “Secure the animal and move it to a safe area. Wash the body to cool and to remove foreign substances. Cool any burns. If injured, use splints or bandages to reduce mobility. Use calming aids, such as bags, towels, boxes. Manage stress and minimize noise and use gentle handling. Finally, transport the patient for veterinary treatment.”