Experts warn that pets can suffer from heatstroke even when the weather isn't always hot, and state that the early signs of heatstroke are similar in dogs and cats.
"For dogs and cats suffering from heatstroke, we recommend 'first cool, then transport' as an emergency first aid intervention," said Veterinarian Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli, adding that some animals are more affected by hot weather.
Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli from the Physiology Department of Üsküdar Üniversitesi Faculty of Medicine, evaluated the dangers threatening animal health during periods of high air temperature and fires.
'First Cool, Then Transport'
Making a critical reminder to pet owners, Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli said, "The weather does not always have to be 'hot' for an animal to suffer from heatstroke. Excessive exercise in hot weather or staying in a hot or humid environment with poor ventilation can cause animals to quickly overheat. If you are concerned that your pet is overheating, you should act immediately. For dogs and cats suffering from heatstroke, we recommend 'first cool, then transport' as an emergency first aid intervention. Owners should consult a veterinarian as soon as possible."
Overweight Animals Are More Affected by the Weather!
Stating that some animals are more affected by hot weather, Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli said, "Overweight animals, brachycephalic breeds such as Pugs and French Bulldogs or breeds with narrow airways like Persian cats, thick-coated pets, old or very young animals, especially those with pre-existing conditions such as respiratory, lung, or heart problems, are at risk."
What are the Early Signs of Heatstroke in Pets?
Pointing to the signs of heatstroke in pets, Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli said, "Early signs of heatstroke in pets are similar in dogs and cats (signs in cats are generally more subtle) and may include; rapid breathing, which can turn into distressed or noisy breathing as heatstroke worsens. Restlessness or involuntary movement, pacing, searching for shade or water, body temperature above 40°C, drooling, red tongue or gums, increased heart rate, vomiting, or diarrhea are among the symptoms. In advanced stages of heatstroke in pets; lethargy, confusion, weakness or fainting, and seizures occur."
Stating that the early signs of heatstroke in dogs and cats can easily be overlooked at first, Dr. Çevreli added, "While dogs may continue to play despite distress, cats may quietly withdraw and hide."
Do Not Use Ice-Cold Water for Cooling!
Sharing vital first aid steps for owners who suspect heatstroke in their pets, Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli continued:
"Take your pet to a cool place, preferably a well-ventilated area, or use a fan. Give small amounts of water (do not force them to drink). Immersion in cold water is an effective approach for young and healthy dogs. For the evaporation method; it is important to pour water of any temperature cooler than your dog's onto them and combine it with air movement from a breeze, fan, or air conditioning for older dogs or dogs with underlying health issues (evaporative cooling). If you cannot use the evaporation method, cool them by pouring/hosing cold water over them. It is important not to use ice-cold water. This is because it can reduce blood flow to the skin, decreasing their ability to cool down, or even cause them to shiver, thereby increasing heat production."
"Even if your pet appears well, it is important to have them checked unless otherwise advised, as more severe signs of heatstroke may not appear immediately. Wrap your pet in a cool, wet towel and continue to replace the towel with a fresh cool, wet one. Do not leave the towel on your pet, as it can warm up. For larger pets, lightly hose them down or wash them with cool water, then apply cool towels to their head and abdomen."
Never Leave Your Pets in Cars; 'Not Even for a Minute'
Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli also gave tips for creating a safe and cool environment for pets: "Close curtains; prevent heat buildup in sun-exposed windows. Encourage airflow; use a fan or leave interior doors open. Provide wet food; it adds water to their diet. Place multiple water bowls; especially in their favorite spots. Brush frequently; this helps long-haired cats stay cooler. Never leave your pets in cars; 'not even for a minute.' Avoid enclosed porches or conservatories; these heat up quickly. Use cooling products; such as pet-safe mats or fans. Restrict exercise on hot days (dogs should be walked early in the morning or late in the evening to avoid the hottest hours of the day.) Carry a water bottle on walks. Remember, hot pavements can burn paws! Use paw protection; such as boots or paw wax."
Shaving Can Cause Further Overheating
Addressing the question of whether shaving helps cool pets, Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli stated, "If you shave your pet, you interfere with its natural body temperature system, which can lead to discomfort and overheating. Your pet's fur not only controls body temperature but also prevents sunburn and helps protect against skin cancer."
Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli also noted that the risks posed by hot weather are even greater for street animals: "Always test with your hand. If it's too hot for your palm, it's too hot for their paws. Provide wet food; it adds water to their diet. 'A bowl of water' truly saves lives. Place multiple water bowls and replace them daily with fresh, cool water. "
Fires Also Affect Pets
Stating that wildfires threaten not only wildlife but also domestic and street animals, Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli said, "If you can see or feel the effects of smoke yourself, you should take precautions to keep both your pets and wild animals safe. Animals with cardiovascular or respiratory diseases are particularly at risk from smoke and should be closely monitored during all periods of poor air quality. Look for signs of possible smoke or dust irritation in animals. Difficulty breathing, including post-fire coughing or gagging, open-mouthed breathing, and increased sound during breathing, eye irritation and excessive tearing, throat or mouth inflammation, nasal discharge, increased respiratory rate, fatigue or weakness, disorientation or stumbling, decreased appetite, and/or dehydration are all signs that require immediate veterinary consultation."
What Should Be Done in First Aid?
Referring to first aid during fires, Lecturer Dr. Burcu Çevreli concluded her words by saying, "Catch the animal and take it to a safe area. Wash the body - for cooling effect and removal of foreign objects. Cool burns. If injured, apply splints and bandages to reduce mobility. Calming devices - bag, towel, box. Stress management - minimize noise, manual restraint. Transport the patient for veterinary treatment."