Experts point out that flat feet, in-toeing, tip-toe walking, ingrown toenails, and fungal infections are among the most common foot problems in children. They emphasize that incorrect foot strike or foot deformities can also pave the way for knee, hip, and lower back pain, posture disorders, and even spinal problems like scoliosis.
Podologist Muharrem Tosun, referring to the role of podology in children's foot health, stated, “Podology is a specialized branch of science focused on foot health. Podological examinations specific to children should be conducted from the age of 3–4. At this age, walking patterns and foot bone development can be observed more clearly.” Addressing discussions about leather or genuine leather for school-aged children, Tosun used the expression, “In shoe selection, comfort, flexible sole, and correct size criteria should be prioritized.”
Üsküdar Üniversitesi Vocational School of Health Services, Podology Program Lecturer Muharrem Tosun discussed childhood foot health.
What are the most common foot problems in children?
Listing the most common foot problems in children, Lecturer Muharrem Tosun said, "Flat feet, in-toeing, tip-toe walking, ingrown toenails, and fungal infections are common problems in children. If not detected early, these can lead to more serious issues in the future."
Stating that these problems are not limited to the feet, Lecturer Muharrem Tosun warned, "Incorrect foot strike or foot deformities affect not only the foot but the entire skeletal system. They can pave the way for knee, hip, and lower back pain, posture disorders, and even spinal problems like scoliosis."
Problems can be diagnosed early
Highlighting the role of podology in children's foot health, Lecturer Muharrem Tosun said, “Podology is a specialized branch of science focused on foot health. Podologists can examine children's foot structure and diagnose potential problems early. Podological examinations specific to children should be conducted from the age of 3–4. At this age, walking patterns and foot bone development can be observed more clearly.”
Stating that children's foot structure differs from adults, Lecturer Muharrem Tosun said, "Children's foot bones are still in the developmental stage, so they are much more flexible. Incorrect shoe selection or hard-soled shoes can lead to permanent problems more quickly during this period."
Flexible sole and correct size are important for school-aged children
Also touching upon the effects of shoe selection on children's foot health, Lecturer Muharrem Tosun continued as follows:
"Incorrect shoe choices are one of the most significant causes of mechanical problems we encounter in feet today, such as ingrown toenails and calluses, as well as being among the primary reasons for the formation of forefoot deformities like hallux valgus and claw/hammer toes. This negatively affects children's quality of life. Furthermore, it should be stated that what is important is not so much the material of the shoe, but rather that it properly supports the foot and allows it to breathe. Rather than the debate over leather or genuine leather, comfort, a flexible sole, and the correct size should be priority criteria when choosing shoes, especially for school-aged children.”
What are the risks of sports activities for foot health?
Explaining the risks that children's sports activities can pose to foot health, Lecturer Muharrem Tosun continued:
“In sports like football and basketball, there's a risk of sprains and impacts, while activities like ballet can lead to ingrown toenails and deformed nail problems. Foot fungus problems can be seen in those participating in running activities. The right shoes, protective equipment, and regular check-ups reduce these risks. A point I want to draw attention to here is that, especially while playing football and basketball, when children step on each other's feet or due to trauma, we often encounter a condition called subungual hematoma, which is blood pooling under the nail, usually in the big toes, and this can cause the nail to fall off. In such problems, if parents consult a podologist within two days at the latest, the nail's detachment can be prevented, thereby also preventing future nail bed problems.”
Children walking barefoot supports foot development
Advising parents on what to pay attention to in order to protect their children's foot health, Lecturer Muharrem Tosun stated, "It is important to observe the child's walking pattern, ensure their shoes are not too small, and consult a specialist without delay if there is foot pain or swelling. Additionally, allowing children to walk barefoot on different surfaces (like sand, grass) also supports foot development."
Children should rotate at least two pairs of daily shoes
Listing his practical recommendations for maintaining children's foot health, Lecturer Muharrem Tosun concluded, “When buying shoes for children, always choose evening hours because feet can swell and grow by 0.5-1 size during the day. Children should use at least two pairs of daily shoes rotationally. If the same shoe is worn continuously, the inner lining is used again before it dries, which increases the risk of fungus and bad odor. Pay attention to foot hygiene; socks should be changed daily and be made of cotton or bamboo. Nails should be cut straight across, not too short. Parents should measure their children's shoe size every 5-6 months and observe the fit with their shoes. Do not neglect children's feet.”