Born in Hanover, Arendt studied philosophy under two renowned German thinkers, Karl Jaspers and Martin Heidegger. Because she was Jewish, she fled Germany due to persecution by the Nazi Party and settled in the United States. From 1963 to 1975, she taught as a faculty member at universities in the United States. Through her work in political theory, she became one of the most important thinkers of the 20th century.
In his work *The Origins of Totalitarianism* (1951), he argued that totalitarian regimes were a new phenomenon specific to the 20th century, emphasizing the ideological characteristics underlying these regimes. His writings on the trial of Nazi officer Eichmann, who was tried in Israel in the early 1960s (Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil, 1965) and his argument that even the ordinary actions of ordinary individuals could lead to great evils caused a major stir. In her works *The Human Condition* (1958) and *The Life of the Mind* (1978), published posthumously, she explored the foundations and philosophy of human action. Arendt passed away in New York in 1975.